Territory



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I. N. FORBES. ROTARY ENGINE.. No. 274,475. Patented Mar.

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(No Model.) n 10 Sheets-Subset 4. I. N.PORBBS.. y ROTARY ENGINE. No. 274,475. Patented Mar.27,1888.

10 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

' I. N.'PORBES. ROTARY ENGNE. No. 274,475. Patented Mar. 27,1883.

jay 6 WITNESSES INVENTOR /y ff/ f* r* df ttorney@ (No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 6. I. N. FORBES. ROTARY ENGINE.

Patented Mar. 27, l883.

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10 Sheets-Sheet. 7.

(No Model.)

I. N. FORBES.

ROTARY ENGINE. No. 274,475. Patented Ma.1.27,1883.

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(No Mode.) l 1Q Sheets-Sheet 8. I. N. FORBES.

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10 Sheets-Sheet 9.

(No Model.)

` I. N. FORBES.- ROTARY ENGINE. No. 274,475. Patented Mar.27,1883.

10 Sheets-Sheet 10.

(No Model.)

FORBES., ROTARY ENGINE.

No. 274,475. Patented Ma.1.27,1883.

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y illustration.

UNITED y STATES PATENT ertoe@ ISAAC NEWTON FORBES, OF LAWRENOECOUNTY, DAKOTA TERRITORY.

ROTARY ENGlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,475, dated March?, 1883.

Application filed Julyl, 1882. (No model.)

To all -w/wm it may concern: l

Be it known that I, IsAAo NEWTON FORBES, of Lawrence county, in the Territory of Dakota, temporarily residing at NVashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented a new and Improved Trochilic or Rotary Engine, of which the following is a specification. The subject of my invention is a double rcversible trocbilic or rotary engine constructed with two cylinders and three heads, with two or more rigid teeth or pistons on the pistonwheel in each cylinder, and with abutmentrollers recessed for the passage of the said teeth, said abutmentrollers being geared to the piston-wheels, so as to rotate in unison therewith without slip between their periphemes.

The teeth or pistons are located at dia.- inetrically-opposite points on the peripheries ot' the pistonwheels, so that they perfectly counte'rbalance each other both as to weight and pressure. The abutment-rollers may be of the same diameter as the piston-wheels, or any desired multiple thereof, but are prefere bly of one-half the diameter, as in the present In4 any case they must be so geared together that the speed of motion of the peri pheries of the pistorrwheels and abutment-rollers will be the same. The abutmentrollers revolve in steam-right casiugs consisting of seats and heads. The surfaces of the piston-wheels and abutment-rollers are pro vided with fine grooves or creases extending from end to end, for the same purpose as the circumferential watercreases or cuts commonly used in pistons, pumps, plunges, and other joints to prevent leakage. The cuts or creases should be so close together that at least one such cutintervenes at all times between the surfaces to prevent leakage. It is preferred to use fine cuts or grooves, as shown in the drawings. ln these engines every precaution is taken to econcmize power and use it to the best possible advantage. Hence the possibility of leakage in any of the working parts or other joints, or unnecessary friction by difference in expansion, or otherwise, is carefully guarded against. The journals of the main shaft and of the abutment-rollers run in boarings in the chambers of the heads,which chambers' also contain oil or other lubricant for lubricating said journals. Bearings adjust-able automatically or otherwise are provided to support the abutment-rollers against the steampressure, and to keep them'up to their proper relative positions in contact with the pistonwheel to prevent leakage between them. The

engine is provided with four fourfold valves to each cylinder, which have four automaticallyadjustable surface-pieces, forming valve-faces at opposite points, and a steam cavity or recess between each piece divided in pairs,`each pair being connected by steampassages to admit of equal pressure on opposite sides, two being connected by live and two by exhaust steam, thus counterbalancing the pressure. The valves maybe worked as cut-offs, or otherwise, as preferred, the piston-wheels ot' this engine having each two teeth where the steam is to be worked eX pansivel y, and four teeth when used without cnt-oli'. For reversing the engine the valves are reversed by gearing operating ou them all simultaneously from acommou center, and actuated by means of a singlelever from without. Whether two or four piston-teeth be used on each wheel, the teeth on the respective wheels are setatbisectingangles-that is to say,

.the said bearing is constructed in segments,

which are pressed inw ard simultaneously bythe revolving` motion of an encircling ring carrying a series of curved wedges or eccentric segments pressing on the correspondingr eccentric backs of the 'bearing-segments. The ring is provided on a part of its periphery with wormteeth, so as to be actuated byan endless screw or worm-gear upon a shaft, which extends to the outer surface of the head, through a stuffin g-box or otherwise, to prevent the leakage of oil from the reservoir in the head. The studi ing-box may be dispensed with, if desired, by a close iit of the worm-gear rod in the hole through which it passes out, and circumferential water cuts or creases turned in its surface to prevent the passage ot' oil, in which case a head with a spring-catch or other fastening is provided to prevent the shaft from turning around; and where the stuiting-box is used the Agland thereof has the spring-catch or other device to prevent the shaft from turning. The main hearings in the end heads are also con- IDO of the center head, partly in section.

a v manita structed in segments, with radial projections extending through the mortises in the casing of each, in which the bearing-segments are held, and having inclined backs to provide for the adjustment or setting of the segmental bearings by the longitudinal movement of the encircling ring formed on its inner periphery, with inclined faces corresponding and pressing' against the inclined backs of the aforesaid projections of the'bearing-segments. The required longitudinal movement of this adjusting-ring is imparted by screw-bolts fitted in a base ange or projection of the said ring, which bolts are turned by means of a key or wrench inserted through apertures in the main connecting gear-wheels and in the external end covers'of the engine.

In order that the invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in whichf 'Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a double engine illustrating the invention. Fig. l is a detail section, upon a larger scale, through the water-cock, showing the mode of discharging water of condensation from the cylinder into the hollow base or partial coudenser ofthe engine. Fig. 2 is a horizontal longitudinal section of the saine. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the bolt for adjusting the bearing. Fig. 3 is a rear end elevation of the engine. Fig. 4 is a vertical tra-nsverse section, on a larger scale, through the steam-passages on the line 4 4, Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 5 is atop view of the center head. Fig. 6u is a face view of an abutment-roller packing-ring and a part of a packing-ring for the rim of the piston-wheel. Fig. 6 is a face View Fig. 6) is a face view of a valve-packing ring. Fig. 7 is in part a vertical transverse section through the center head, and part an elevation of said center head, illustrating a modification under which steam is taken into the cylinder through the center head. Fig. 7 is a transverse section on a larger'scale of the bearing within' the center head. Fig. ibis a perspective view of one of the curved wedges or eccentric segments detached. Fig. i is an interior view, partly in section, showing part of the ring which carries the said curved or eccentric wedges,with one of the said wedges or eccentric segments iixed therein. Fig. 71 is an end View of an eccentric ring from which two eccentric pieces are made. Fig. 8 1s a vertical transverse section of the engine through one ofthe cylinders of thesame corresponding with Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is an elevation of the head, showing the reversinggear and one of the abutment-roller bearings, with its setting-follower in section'. Fig. v10 is an elevation of the front cover and reversing-lever and stops. Fig. 10 is a vlongitudinal section of a segment-pinion, showing its attachmentto the valve-stem,'0n'line 410W, Fig. 10b. Fig. .10h is, an end view of Fig. 10? with thecapnut removed. Fig. 1l isa vertical transverse section of an engine, illustrating the invention adapted for working the steam expansively by meansof a cut-oif-valve gear. Fig. 12 is au elevation of the end head and part of the cylinder and valves beneath, showing the cutoff levers and trips and partof the reversinggear, parts of the gear being omitted to expose the cut-oft' gear.V The two right-hand valves, valve-seats, ports, and part of the cylhitler-head, Svc., being broken through down to the cylinder, valves, and seatsto show their relative position to the valve-gear. Fig. 13 is a transverse section through one of the end heads, looking toward the center of the engine. Fig. 14. is a bottom view of the cylinders and center head. Fig. 15 is an elevation of the rear coverof the outer head. Fig. 15d is an end view of the auxiliary bearingof main shaft in outer cover. -Fig. 16 is a view of the inner face of one of the end heads.

1 is the main shaft ofthe engine, upon which two piston-wheels, 2 2, are secured, the wheel' being held by one or two hollowpins threaded inside to enable them to be withdrawn, which pins pass through the nut into the wheel. This wheel is reamed out to exactly tit the tapered part ofthe shaft, and lmay be easily removedl for taking the engine apart, or for other purposes, and replaced. Bearings are turned upon the shaft in harmony with the construction and The main shaft may purposes of Vthe engine. be extended through vboth ends of the engine, andthe base also elongated, if desired, in which ease new bearings would be added at the extended portion of the base. This would be done for the reception of'cog or clutch gearings, pulleys, or other means of transmitting power. I n the present example afheavy bandpulleyis shown secured to one end of the shaft and supported by universally-j ointed bearings. The piston-wheels 2.2 are each provided with two or more' piston-teeth, 8, revolving within the cylinder 4, and made steam-tight by suitable paekings, 5 and 5. y

6 6 represent abutment-rollers connected by gearing with the main shaft 1, so as to rotate in unison with the piston-wheels 2 .2L without any slip between their peripheries. For this purpose it is preferred to employ the helical gearing shown in Figs. 1 and 2,- being helical cogged wheels keyed on the main shaft 1, and 8 8 pinions with corresponding helical teeth on the shafts of the abutment-rollers 6. These helical gears are of special advantage in rotary engines, in that when properly made and adjusted they avoid the possibility of backlash or lost motion, and act lone upon the other with IOC IXO

IIS

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accuracy and uniformity of pressureaud movement in all parts of the revolution.

In the abutment-rollers 6 are `recesses 9 to admit the passage ofthe piston-teeth 3 3 of the piston-wheels. The abutment-rollers should each be half the diameter ot' the piston-wheel, or they may he of equal diameters. Any other relative diameters will not ett'ect the best results. 'lhey must be so geared together that their periplieties will move at the same speed, so as to have an. equal surface movement without friction, as above stated. With a twotoothed piston-wheel and abutment-rollers ot' one-half the diameter ot' said wheel a single recess 9 in each roller will serve to pass the two teeth-upon the piston-wheel 5 or two recessesin each,ahutmentfroller willhe used with a fourtoothed piston-wheel. Where the piston-wheel and the abutment-rollers are of equal diameter the recesses in the latter must ofcourse be equal in number to the teeth upon the former.

Figs. 1 and 2 show the embodiment ot' my invention in an enginewith two piston-wheels, .l 2, on the shaft 1, the piston-teeth 3 ot' one wheel being arranged opposite the spaces between those ot the other wheel, with recesses in the abutment-rollers in harmony therewith for the passage of the piston-teeth.

To each piston-wheel are four fouri'old oscillating valves, 10, fitted in seats in the casing, adjacent to the abutment-rollers 6, the said valves heing constructed with communicating cavities on diametricalIyopposite sides of their surface connected by radial channels, a connected pair ot' these cavities in each ot the inductiou-valves'beiug in communication with the live steam, and a connected pair in each ot' the eduction-valves with the exhaust and the other two exhaust-valves, as will be hereinafter more particularly explained, so that .the pressure on the opposite sides ot the valve each piston-wheel, as illustrated in Figs. t and,

li, or with two teeth on each piston-wheel, as shown in Fig; l1, for workingthe steam ex pansively, in which case the induction-valves are used as cutoils, as hereinafter described,k the. exhaustvalves being always at rest. Y

The induction steampassagel is shown at 111 in Figs. l. and 4, extending longitudinally in each' direction to about the centers of the respective steam-cylinders. It may, if preferred, he introduced through separate'pipes with proper steam-fittings, 'or through the center head itself', as illustrated in Fig. 7 instead of outside the top ot' the center head, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 6. The course of the induction and the exhaust currents is indicated by arrows. The valves, whether inlet or exhaust, are constructed in the same manner, and hy being moved ou their axes are made to stop, start, or reverse the engine, those which 'were induction-valves becoming exhaust-valves when reversed, and vice versa. The valves are fourfoldthat is, they have is fitted in a suitable bearin g concentric to the Y main shaft, and is rotated to the necessary extent, through the medium of a toothed segment, 16, by a segment-pinion, 17, carried by a rock-shaft, 18, which is actuated hy an arm, 19, tixed in any position to which it is set hy a spring-catch engaging at the extremities ol' the permitted movement with notches 2la in a curved rack, 2l, and retracted by pressure upon the handle 22 ofthe arm 19. Said handle is fitted to the arm by a socket permitting a relative longitudinal movement, andis pressed outward by a spring, 22% The spring-catch before referred to consists of a pin, 22D, fastened through the handle-socket 22, and projecting from theside thereof, so as to engage with either otthe notches 2l or 23,as before stated, and thrown up by the action of the spring within the socket, as before described. The central notch, 23, is employed for holding it in an intermediateposition, at which point the valves are closed, so as to stop the engine be fore reversing it.

The simple reversinggear above described, by which a simultaneous movement of fortytive degrees is imparted to all the valves, is illustrated in Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 shows au automatic cut-ott' mechan ism, by which the valves are closed when the piston-teeth reach the desired proportion ot' their revolution between the abutment-rollers, so as to work the steam expansively.

For working expansively the valves are opened for the induction of steam by a tappet wheel, 24, on the inner side ofthe main gear IDO IOS

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wheel, having on its periphery double-faced tappets 25, which engage with arms 26, one to each valve, connected to their respective valves by automatic clutches 27, (more particularly described in another application Aof even date herewith, marked 0,) so that the opposite pair of valves, which are for the time being the induction-valves, are connected to their respective arms 26, for example, while the intermediate valves, which are for the eX haust, are disconnected trom their arms 26,

for example.

The abutment-rollers ti carry reversing doublefaced tappets 28, which at the proper moment engage with arms 29 or 29, as the case may be, to close the valves to cut off the steam atthe required point.

The c ut-ovalve levers 26 and 29, and 26a and 29 are provided with curved slots 26", through which the bolts of the engine pass. The latter have sleeves on them as a protection against injury from the levers. These IIS slotsallow the valves to play twenty-two and yone-halt' degrees-the proper distance for cutting oft' and letting on steam.

The adjustable bearings'of the abutmentrollers in the center head .are shown at 31 in Figs. 6 and 7. The end heads are fitted with bearings 3S for said abutment-rollers,'preferably of Babbitt or other suitable metalfpoured in the bearing-case around the journals, and secured to the case by screws or holes in the ease for the Babbitt to pass through, or both, -as may be preferred, leaving a space extending radially outward equal to the diameter of the shaft, which is occupied by an adjustable bearing-piece, 39, the case having been bored -out and titted and the adjustable bearingpiece dressed to suit and put in place before the Babbitt is poured in. Each ot the vbearing-pieces 3l and 39, is pressed in by a spring, 4l, bearinginward against a collar, 42, on the follower 40, and outward against a screw-cap, 43, held by a spring-catch, .43% An additional spring,-42, may be placed Within the screw-cap, as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7.V

The spring-followers 49 alord automatic adjustment to maintain tightjoints between the abutment-rollers and the piston-wheel.

The cylinder-heads are all provided with central' projections, in which the main shaft-l bearin gs are,which projections, being convex,

' extend within t-he concave ends of the pistonwheels upon the main shaft, thus affording greater length ot' bearing and greater length and area of piston-teeth than could otherwise be had with a given length or size ot' engine. The heads are alsof-provided with removable llald surface-pieces for the ends ot' the piston-teeth to work against, to be replaced when'worn too much. Theyare preferably made of steel, which may be hardened, or they may be made of hard brass or other suitable material. They also project outwardly into the cylindera short distance,thus securing the main-shaft bearing in an exact central position to the cylinders. The surface-pieces are also lsecured by dowel-pins to keep them from turning. They are titted in 'recesses in the heads, and upon tongues or grooves, as theL case may be, respectively, as shown in the dif-v springfrom gettingbeneath the plug)the spring then rests beneath the head of the plug, which tits the bore in which the spring is located.

spring against the packing-ring, the latter is packing-rings must have play beneath the re- A cesses in which they t.

lPlugs with theirvinner ends extending part ot' the way through the'spring, and tapered so that they cannot rest upon the spring, with the heads'performing the same ofiice as at first described, maybe used.

Steam may be used, in combination with the coiled spring, to press the rings out, if neces-v sary; or, it' preferred,steam may beused, and springsr dispensed with. for Vdoing the same thing, and the area ot' pressure made in accordance with the amount ot' power required to produce tight joints.` Where steam is used the peripheries ofthe rings should be recessed or grooved for water-cuts,and it would be well, it' convenient, to water-groove the peripheries of the recesses also, and thus secure steam-tight joints. These packing-rings maybe Iof some non-corrosive metal, bard brass or other suitable material.

rEhe packing-rings may be made solid, or lgreoved upon their inneror outer surfaces or bottom, or all, it necessary, the object being to 'insure strength and stiffness. The springs should be a proper distance apart, and just a suicient number for the purposes designed. The packing-'rings are secured fromturning by stops in the recesses, pins,or Qther devices. Similar recesses for`similar packingrings are also employed for packing the ends of the valves and providing for end motion. These recesses may be in the heads, orin the valve-case bearings, or partly in each, if necessary, for

receiving the packing-rings, and it in the heads, bosses may be used in which holesare insertedl for the reception of coil-springs,if they are used, similar to those above described for the abutment-rollers 'and piston-wheel springs, or

IOO

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steam may be used, if necessary, to perform the same office. o

All working-joints, where steam isV applied,

are provided with'watercuts or line grooves to assist in maintaining steam-tightjoints.

The adjustable bearing-pieces 48 of the main shaft in the center head are in segment forni, tted in radial mortises in their casing 49, to permit their concentric adjustment upon the shaft, which is effected by a series of curved wedges or eccentric segments, 50, carried by a ring, 5l, encircling the bearing-case 49, and each projection of the bearing-pieces upon their backs `ismade eccentric to lit the eccentric pieces 50 :in the outer ring, upon which they" The top of the head being pressed' out by the rest, and by which they are adjusted upon the shaft by the revolving` movement ofthe outer' ring, given by the Worm-gear on the shaft, extending to the surface of the head for that purpose. Worm-teeth 52, acted on by an endless screw, 53, carried by shaft 54, extending to the exterior of the head, where it is made oil-tight by passing through a suitable stufngbox and gland, and is operated by a wrench for adjusting the bearing.

Triangular pieces 49a, which may be made of Babbitt metal poured through openings in the bearing-case, or other metal, may be titted in the casing and secured thereto, which form guides for the bearing-segments 48. The bearing-cases for the main shalt in each head, and for the abutment-rollers, are all bored out and dressed to the proper shapes and the adj ustabie bearings -titted and put in position before the Babbitt is poured in or other guides 'se-v cured,`thus insuring true and accurate adjustable bearings, which is indispensable. The main-shaft bearings in the end heads are like- Wise formed of radially-adjustable segments tittedin their cases, similarly to those first described. These segments have one or more inclined projections extending through mortises in a guiding or casing frame, and receive. out, --ward pressure from arin g having inclined faces,

to suit the inclined radial segments, which ring is drawn endwise by screw bolts bearing against the outer face ofthebearing-case which forms part of the cylinder-head, and screwed into the tlanged base of the said ring at opposite points. Fig. 2 is a detached view, upon a large scale, of one of these bolts, withits appendages, shown in position in a portion ot' the bearingcase. is the bolt proper. 56 is the adjustable piu which lits in the bolt. 57 is the rivet which passes through it and through the slot in the bolt, and through the ratchet toothed ring 58, which is riveted thereon. 591s the capratchet ring, Which is riveted or otherwise secured in the recess in the bearing-case, the said cap-ratchet being a tixtu re to the casing which forms part of the end head of thel engine. The

.bolt 55 has a slot for the rivet 57 to play in longitudinally, and a coil-spring, 61, in the holA low of the bolt around the pin, for keeping the ratchet-ringS and the cap-ratchet ring or plate 59 in engagement. By a pressure ofthe wrench upon the end of the pin the ratchet-ring 58 is thrown out of engagement with the cap-ratchet ring or plate 59 and the bolt left free to turn with the ratchet-ring 58, in order to adjust the main-shaft bearing-segments, as above stated and described.

Apertures, which are indicated at S.a in Fig. l2, passing through the main gear-wheel and tappeti-Wheel 24:, to admit a wrench or key for turning the bolts, and corresponding holes, 8b, are made in the covers of the outer heads to admitthewrench. Thesmallerholesdndicated in Fig. 12) are for bolts or rivets for securing the tappet-Wheel to the gear-Wheel.

All the heads are made hollow for the recep- 'lhis ring has on its outer peripheryl tion ofoil,whicl1 is supplied through oilholes in the upper portion of the heads, fitted With plugs et, and suitable ducts lead to all the bearings of the piston Wheel, abutment rollers, 7o

The engine is fastened together by longitudinal bolt-S32, extending completely through from end to end, preferably formed with heads, as shown at 33in Fig.2, and with screw-threads ous bearings, if required.

to receive'nuts 34, bearing on the cylinder- 84o heads, and nuts 35 35 at both extremities for securing the outer cover, through which the bolts extend. The inner surfaces of these covers form oil-tight joints with the outer surfaces of the cylinderheads,`which have raised bean 85 ing surfaces, each being dressed oft' for that purpose. rlhe extremities of the bolt-heads33,

projectingfrom the surface ofthe cylinderhead, constitute dowels for locating the cover at the end next to the pulley, through which the main 9o shaft passes. Thus the concentric position of the bearing 1to1" the main shaft may be better secured.

A hollow bolt is shown at 36, on the upper the same oice as the solid bolts 32, except for fastening the outer cases. It'also receives within it the rock-shaft 18, for operating the valvegear at the opposite end of the engine simultaneously with the one next to the reversinglever.

The end chamber, 3i', of the engine,in which the gear-Wheels 7 8 work, is an oil-receptacle to keep said gear-wheels constantly clean and lubricated and free from injury or dust.

There the bolts 32 are exposed to the steam, they may beprotected with casin gs of copper or other non-corrosive material. 1

The outer end of the main shaft contains a heavy driving-pulley, 60, which assists in producing a steady motion, and upon each side thereof is an adjustable bearing, 61., supported on universaljoints, which. permit adjustment of the bearings both vertically and horizontally. The bearings have receptacles for oil at the top and bottom, and are mounted by horizontal vpivot-screws 67 and swiveled by the pivot-screws at 68, sustained by bracket-arms 65, which arms are united at vtheir base by a sleeve, 64, which is bored out, dtted to and sustained by a vertical standard, 63, the upper end ot' which passes through the sleeve 64 and collar 67, which fits in the recess in the upper end of the sleeve, and through which IOO IlS

the upper .end of the standard passes and is riveted on. The standard may extend upwardly and receive nuts, instead of being riveted, to hold the sleeve in position vertically.` Both these methods leave the bracket-sleeve free to turn on the standard horizontally, in order to 13 adjust itself and the bearing to the line of the main shaft of the engine. Y

ard up or down for the vertical adjustmentof the bearing. The nut 66 is secured to its position by a lock-washer, 662, upon the stand 68a, which projects'up from the base of the engine. This stand is cast solid to the base, but may be made of a separatel piece and se-v cured thereto, if desired. The stand 68*L and bracketisleeve 64 have chambers, as shown, which may be used for oil-receptacles tolubricate the vertical standard 63, which latter is provided with a screw-thread at its lower end, which tits another thread out in the lower end of the stand 68, or in the engine-base, by means of which the vertical movement ot' the standard is made. For convenience of construction t-he threaded hole passes entirely through the upper part of thebase ot'. the engine, and a boss is formed around the lower end, in which a screw-plug is fitted with an elastic ring and washer to form steam-tight joints; or the joints maybe dressed and made steam-tight to prevent the leakage of steam and the consequent Vcorrosion of the screwthreads upon the standard 63. If the screwthread can be cut as conveniently, the hole need not be made entirely through the top of the base of the engine. The lateral adjustment of the bearing in line withthe engine-shaft is made by the pivot-screws 67.

By the use of a suitable proof-templet rest- Aing on the seats 71, Figs. 1 and 3, and held in position by pins 72, the bearings may be set accuratelyin line with the cylinders and main shaft with the utmost facility and expedition.

The attachments described also relieve the engine-bearings proper from lateral strain and sustain the draft of the driving-belt, and may be proved and readjusted at any time.

Asupplemental box containing another bearing for the main shaft isiitted and bolted to the outer face ot' the end cover to sustain the draft of the governor or other belts, if desired. This bearing-box is formed so as to combine an oil-chamber and bearing-case. The adjustable part is put in and Babbitt or other suitable metal is poured around the journal, thereby forming a guide for the adjustable bearingpiece. This forms a fine guide internally for the sides of the bearin g to work against. This bearing-piece is properly adjusted by a setscrew which is held by a locked jam-nut.

In constructing the auxiliary bearing 1H (shown in Figs. l, 2, l5, and 15, the bearingcase is first bored out and the ends properly dressed. The adjustable bearing-piece is then finished and slipped in position in the case, which is tted with screws or pins to hold the Babbitt. The shaft or teinplet is then put in position in the bearing and the Babbitt poured in.

g The'movable bearing-piece is adjusted by a set-screw to sustain the draft of the governorbelt, thus preventing the deflection of the main shaft from its central position with the cylinder. The movable eap'and set-screw are placed in any required position radially to the shaft to sustain the draft of the governor-belt, or the combined draft ofthe main driving-belt and the governor-belt.

' The governor-shaft is indicated running in abearing on a standard which is supported by a brace. On this shaft is a pulley,throug h which the governor is driven by a belt from the main shaft l, all of which is more fully described and claimed in another application of even date herewith. t Y t The hollow base upon which the engine is mounted formsga receptacle for a series of connected pipes, through which cold water passes. This arrangement serves the purpose of creat,- ing a partial vacuum by the condensation of the steam on the cool-pipes, and this assists the steam in working the engine to the extent of the vacuum.

A double purpose may be served by using The water of condensation is taken from thesteam-cylinder by ducts through the surfacebearing of the heads, and thence into the hollow base by water-cocks, as' shown in Figs. 1,

l, 13, &c. These water-cocks are fixed to the end heads, `at the under side thereof, and may be opened and closed by hand. A channel is formed to each water-cock through the end yheads of the annular chamberin which the piston-teeth revolve. An exhaustpipe, 7 4, is screwed or otherwisefastened to the bottom of the base, a-nd passes from thence through the foundation to the open air.

The handle 22 of the reversing-leverv 19 is formed with a socket at its lower end fitting loosely over a portion of the lever 19. The latter has a slot near its upper end, in which a pin, 22, plays. This pin passes through the socket of the handle 22, and is riveted thereto. A coil-spring, 22, is placed i'n that part of the socket of the handle between the end thereof and the endv of the lever 19, whichk serves to press up the handle 22 and keep the projectingportion of the pin 22u in engagement with the notches2lab and 23 in the rack. or bail 2l, and thus prevent the movement of the lever. A downward pressure on the handle disengages the pin from the notches 2l, 23, Ste., and thus sets the lever free to move either way. .v Y

' By referring to Figs. et and Sit will be seen that the main portion of the abutment-rollers are each made up ot' three different pieces of metala frame and two surface-pieces. former is preferably of one piece with the journals and of the shapes shown by the sections in Figs. 4 and S. The surface-pieces may be composed of Babbitt or other suitable metal IOO IIO

The

veast on the frames, or of steel, hard brass, or

other metal formedto lit the frames.

In Fig. 4, 6 and 6d show different forms of frames, and 61', 6, and (if differently-shaped surface-pieces fitting thereto.

In Fig. 8, Ggshows a framedifterentlyshaped from those just mentioned, and' (ill and 6J' snrface -pieces iitting thereto. These surfacepieces can be readily replaced when worn, this being the object in having them renewable. The segment-pinions 13 are txed on the tapered stems ofthe valves 1() 10 10il 10il by pins 301 and a cap-nut. 302, locked by a flexible disk or washer, 303. (See Figs. l()a and'ltib.) Before the nut is` applied the washer 303 is punched down into holes 304., formed in the hub ofthe pinion, and after the nntis screwed home one or more portions of said washer are turned up against the recess in said nut, as shown in Fig. 10a.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters l. A reversible trochilic or rotary engine with two piston-wheels secured to the main shaft, containing two or more pistointeetli placed at opposite sides and at equal distances apart, and secured firmly thereto by bolts, or otherwise, and with two abutment-rollers to each piston-wheel, recessed for the passage of the piston-teeth by the abutment-rollers in their revolutions, the piston-wheels and abutment-rollers being geared together,- sothat their peripheries shall form steain-tightjoints andmove at the saine speed without slip between their peripheries, in combination with the respective piston-wheel cylinders, abutment-roller cylinders or casings, containing steam and exhaust passages, arranged, as shown, opposite ports 11 11 and l1 11a, and reversible valves, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A double reversibletrochilic or rotary engine with two piston -wheel cylinders, two abutment-rollers, and four reversing-valves to each cylinder,`witl1 one center head and two end beads, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination with the toothed piston-- wheel and opposite abutment-rollers, the cylinder or casing having linlet steam-passages l1d and12, opposite induction and exhaust ports 1l I1 and Il l1, paired valves l() 10 and 10a 10, and exhaust-passages 20,subslantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The abutment-Y roller provided willi renewable surface-pieces 6b, 6, (if, and 6,and the respective abutment-roller frame-work upon which they are fit-ted, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. l

5. A center head cast hollow, consisting ot' un oil or other lubricant reservoir therein for n continuous lubrication through ducts of the engine casing and bearings therein located,

and a supply-duct and plug, 4, in the upper i surface of the head for supplying lubricant to the reservoir therein, as described.

6. The hollow heads of the engine, containing closed chambers for oil or other lubricant, from which the enginebearings therein are constantlylnbricatedbymeansofductsthrongh the respective bearing casings and bearings, with inlet-ducts and plugs to suit in the upper surfaces of the heads, through which lubricant. is supplied to the reservoirs of the heids, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. An adjustable center beari ng for the main shaft in the center head', composed of adjustable segment-bearings, for the purpose of securing a continuous central position of the main shaft at its central bearing, and the pistonwheels thereon totheir respective cylinders,

as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination of the bearing-segments 48 and housing 49 and '49, through which the said bearings project radially, as set forth, the circular wedges or eccentric segments 50, and the toothed ring 51, said wedges or eccentric segments 50 for adjusting or setting up the bearin gs, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination ot' the adjustable mainshat't hearing,` in the center head and rotary mechanism for adjusting said bearings, with the adjustable main-shaft bearings in the end heads, and the'inain shaft ot a trochilic or rotary engine, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination, with the cylinders, of headshaving central projections, S0,upon which the respective cylinders are secured in a position concentric with the main shaft, and pistonwheels in the respective cylinders, as and for the purposes set forth.

1l. A reversing valve-gear ring, l5, concentric with the main shaft or valves, with its hearing secured to the surface of the outer head, or bearing-case therein, and arms 14, and toothed segments 14, geared with segmentpinions 13, which pinions are secured to the valve-stems, and toothed arms 16, toothed lever 17, rock-shaft 18, and suitable operating mechanism.` v

12. A reversing valve-gear ring, 15, concen- IOS tric with the main shaft or valves-with its bearingv secured to the surface of the outer head or bearing-case therein, and arms 14, and toot-hed segments 14:, geared with segmentpinions 13, which pinions are secured to the valve-stems, and toothed arms 16, toothed lever 17, rock-shaft 18, and lever 19, and reversing socket-lever 22, with a non-conductor handle, coil-spring 22, catch 22h, and semicircular rack with recesses 21"21 23, in which spring catch 22h may be thrown out of gear by pressure of 'the hand upon the handle and moving the lever to either one ofthe recesses for placing the valvagear, valves, and engine in any desired position required, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. In combination with the abutment-rollen bearings, a reversing valve-gear ring concentric with the main shaft or valves, with bearing secured to the surface of the outer head or cover, or both, provided with arms connected by suitable mechanism for operatingthe valves.

14. In combination with a rotary engine, substantially as described, a lever, 19, socketbandle 22, non-conductor handle, coil-spring 22, spring-catch 22, and semicircular rack 21, with recesses 21a 23, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination, with the segmental bearings 48, of eccentric backs, ring or housing 49, andguides 49, secured therein, substanlially as specified.

16. The combination of a ring, 51,-having one or more recesses, with corresponding eccentric segments, 50, secured to said ring by means of rivets or equivalents, as shown, at

one end, while the other end is heldin recesses formed in the preceding eccentric segment, and

the ring 51, substantially as specified. Y

17. The combination of the segmental bearings 48, having eccentric backs, ring or housing 49, and guides 49, eccentric segments 50, and worm-toothed ring 51, with therworm 53, and shaft 54, all substantially as set forth.

18. The combination, with one or more pistouwheels, 2,' the main shaft 1, on which said wheel or wheels are mounted and bearings for said shaft in the cylinder-heads, of one or more bearings external to the cylinder, adjustable vertically and horizontally to set or adj ust the piston wheel or Wheels within the casing and prevent unequal lateral stress thereon, substantially as set forth.

19. In combination with the piston wheel or pivot screws 67, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. Y

20. In combination with the main-shaft bearing in the head, a bearing-housing secured to the outside of the cover and having bearingcase and bearin g1, provided with an adjustable bearing-piece at its upper side, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

21. In a rotary engine, the combination ofan inclined ring` for setting up the adjustable bearing-segments of the main bearing in the end head, withl a hollow bolt, 55, spring-bolt, rivet 57, and plate 59, and ring 58, serrated ou their faces, as and for the purpose set forth.

22. In rotary engines, the method of adjusting the main shaft by means ot' a proof-tempiet supported on lugs 7l on the end of the base, and doWel-pius 72 for securing its position, substantially as and for the purpose described.

I. N. FORBES.

VIn presence of- ERNEsT ABsHAeEN, FRED. L. Fos'rER. 

